Contribution of the Kyrgyz SSR to the Creation of Night Bomber Regiments (1941-1945)
EDN CHUUVN
Keywords:
Kirghiz SSR in the Great Patriotic War, night bomber regiments, regional mobilization, 8th reserve aviation brigade, formation of aviation units, Soviet rearAbstract
The purpose of the study is to overcome the macro–historical approach and identify at the micro level the specific mechanisms by which the resources of the Republic of the rear were transformed into effective combat units.
Problem. The author considers the problem of the gap between the general statistical data on the contribution of the republics to the Victory and the lack of study of specific, documented processes of adaptation of the all-Union mobilization directives on the ground. The question is being raised about how exactly the Kyrgyz SSR, which did not have a developed aviation industry, managed to form specialized aviation units.
Methodology. The research is based on the principles of historicism and consistency. Historical-genetic and comparative-historical methods are used as the leading ones. Attention is paid to the micro-historical approach allowing to analyze in details the specific «incident»of the three regiments for the subsequent dissemination of conclusions.
The novelty of the research is lays in the fact that data from a set of archival documents from the Central Administrative District of the Russian Federation and the Central State Administration of the Kyrgyz Republic are being introduced into scientific circulation for the first time. This made it possible to link the directives of the General Staff, decisions of the republican authorities and personal accounting documents into a single picture. A complete cycle is shown on a specific material for the first time – from a party resolution in the rear to a combat mission at the front, which reveals the practical mechanisms of regional mobilization.
Research perspectives. The contribution of the Kyrgyz SSR to the Victory was active and multifaceted. A review of the process was carried out, revealing a specific triad of interaction: the central authorities (NDC, General Staff) set the task, the military district (SAVO) carried out military leadership, and local authorities creatively adapted the directives through industrial redesign, infrastructure mobilization, and international recruitment.
Results. The study presents the results of a comparative analysis of the regiments' combat path, which proved their high efficiency and reliability. The author comes to the conclusion that the republic was not a passive donor of resources, but an active co-organizer of the defense effort. It is shown that this study opens up perspectives for a comparative analysis of mobilization models in other national republics of the USSR. A similar micro-historical approach can be applied to the study of the formation of other branches of the armed forces, which will create a more comprehensive and detailed picture of the functioning of the Soviet rear in 1941-1945. The study is relevant becauseit examines the mobilization contribution of the rear region to the Victory in the Great Patriotic War, based on new archival data, through a micro-historical approach.
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